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Posted Sunday, October 13, 2024
28d
INTP
Scorpio
About the 5 proofs of Thomas Aquinas
#philosophy #atheism #christianity #islam #judaism Defending the existence of God, Thomas Aquinas put forward 5 proofs of divine existence. In fact, the first 3 out of 5 proofs (immovable mover, causeless cause, cosmological proof) can be combined into one proof - "God as the first cause". As a result, we have only 3 proofs of the existence of God from Thomas Aquinas: 1) God is the first cause. This argument is based on an infinite sequence, God stops the movement of the chain into infinity here. It creates an absolutely unsubstantiated premise that God himself cannot be part of a sequence. Even if we assume that there is a certain Being who is the root cause and call him God, it is completely incomprehensible why this being should have omnipotence and omniscience, not to mention such purely human qualities as listening to prayers and forgiving sins. This is not proof of the existence of a biblical god, Islamic or any other. P.S. By the way, omnipotence and omniscience are mutually exclusive qualities. If God is omniscient, then he already knows that he will intervene in history and change its course. But it follows from this that he cannot change his mind and not interfere, which means he is not omnipotent. 2) Proof of the degree of perfection. The bottom line is that there is a certain pattern of perfection - the absolute maximum of grace. Thomas Aquinas calls this maximum God. It doesn't prove anything. The model of perfection is present only in human consciousness. It can also be said that all people smell with different strengths, but only God, the incomparable stinker, has absolute odour. 3) a theological argument, or proof from divine design (from expediency). the objects existing in the world, especially living organisms, give the impression of having been created for a specific purpose. therefore, there is a creator and his name is God. Firstly, this statement, as in the case of the root cause, does not prove the existence of a Christian, Jewish or Islamic god. Secondly, Evolution and natural selection explain much better why living organisms have properties that serve a particular purpose.
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Zohair
28d
ISTJ
Pisces
It's great that you've brought up the five proofs of Thomas Aquinas and his argument for God’s existence. I’d like to respond from an Islamic perspective. 1. First Cause (Cosmological Argument): Aquinas' argument for the First Cause aligns with the Islamic concept of Tawhid (the oneness of God) and His role as the Creator (Al-Khaliq). In the Qur’an, it is emphasized that Allah is the originator of the heavens and the earth: "Say, ‘Allah is the Creator of all things, and He is the One, the Subjugator.’" (Qur'an 13:16). Islamic theology also rejects infinite regression, as everything must ultimately point to an uncaused, eternal being—Allah—who brought the universe into existence from nothing. 2. Perfection Argument: While Aquinas argues for the existence of a perfect being, Islam also emphasizes that all perfection is found in Allah. The Qur’an states: "To Allah belong the most beautiful names, so call on Him by them..." (Qur’an 7:180). Allah is described as Al-Kamil (The Perfect) and Al-Mutakabbir (The Supremely Great). In Islamic thought, any perfection we perceive in the world is a reflection of Allah’s ultimate perfection. 3. Design Argument: The Islamic argument for design is well-supported through verses in the Qur’an that ask humans to reflect on the natural world. The Qur’an frequently invites people to ponder creation, such as: "Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the alternation of the night and the day, and the ships that sail in the sea… are signs for people who reason." (Qur'an 2:164). The precise order and complexity in nature point towards a deliberate Designer. While evolution explains mechanisms, it doesn't negate the possibility of a Creator using such processes to achieve His will. Moreover, Aquinas' proofs are based on reason and observation of the natural world, which Islam also encourages. The Qur’an often invites us to reflect on creation to affirm belief in Allah.
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Will
26d
INTJ
Gemini
You are very correct that these 5 proofs do not prove the existence of the God of Abraham, if it proves anything at all, it only proves that a supreme monotheistic deity exists. Problem is, there are still multiple deities with similar traits and abilities as Yahweh(Allah, Mormon God, Zoroastrianism, etc). Also these 5 Proofs works off the assumption that everyone holds to a metaphysical framework of the world, which was common at the time, just not today. This is why I think Presuppositionalism is a better Christian apologetical tactic. Scriptures as the divenly inspired axiom of all truths and knowledge, that there is no real common ground and thus everyone works off a presupposition. (edited)
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