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Universes
Posted Sunday, October 6, 2024
1mo
INTP
Scorpio
About withdrawal of surplus product
"Joseph was something like the Pharaoh's minister of economy and, of course, turned out to be an outstanding manager. In a brilliant way, he proved to the Pharaoh that the ruler's nightmare about fat and skinny cows predicted seven lean years after seven good harvests. Pharaoh believed, gave Joseph extraordinary powers, and he began systematically seizing and storing grain. It is easy to guess that he would not have achieved anything by market methods. Grain simply would not have been given away: the city and the state did not have goods that could be exchanged for grain through the market, especially on the condition that no one would touch this food for years. This means that only the state could withdraw the surplus product — forcibly and centrally. The government here acts as a certain guarantor of the stability of the economic system and the survival of society as a whole. At the same time, it forms its own hierarchical system. It is necessary to maintain officials, keep records, set up warehouses and subsequent centralized distribution. This is strikingly different from what we find in Western capitalism, even in its earliest stages. Marx called it the Asian way of production. This term has subsequently been criticized. But now it is not the terminology that is important for us, but the essence of the issue. We see that the agricultural technologies and productive forces that existed in Ancient Egypt predetermined a completely different behavior of participants in the economic process than, for example, a few centuries later — in Ancient Rome. Accordingly, the social hierarchy, power structure, ideology and culture were obtained by others. This leads to the conclusion, which is quite fundamental for classical Marxism, that the withdrawal of surplus product is a necessary form of any complex hierarchical society, at least until we can break through to a qualitatively new form of organization of human existence." Boris Kagarlitsky. "Marxism. Introduction to Social and Political Theory" #FreeKagarlitsky (edited)
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